Which of the following recommendations can help improve the maintainability of test automation code?

• A. Avoid using static analyzers on test automation code and other development tools, as they are designed to improve the maintainability of SUT code
• B. Avoid producing test automation code containing methods with too many levels of nesting, as deeply nested code is more difficult to understand
• C. Use error codes in test automation code instead of exceptions (if exceptions are supported by the programming language) for error handling
• D. Avoid adopting design patterns that introduce high levels of abstraction in test automation code, such as the flow model pattern

Some automated regression test scripts run by a TAS in a given test environment make calls to private APIs that require authentication for all requests (the authentication method is the same for all APIs). The SUT is a business-critical system. The following two changes are planned: a change in the authentication method of all APIs and a minor upgrade of the OS (Operating System) in the test environment. You have updated the test scripts to cope with the change in the API authentication method. Which of the following sequences of activities is BEST to ensure that the test scripts are not adversely affected by these changes?

• A. Implement one change at a time and run a subset of the updated test scripts after each change, and finally run all the updated test scripts
• B. First implement the change in the API authentication method, then upgrade the OS, and finally run all the updated test scripts
• C. Implement one change at a time and run a subset of the updated test scripts after each change
• D. First upgrade the OS, then implement the change in the API authentication method, and finally run all the updated test scripts

You are currently conducting a Proof of Concept (PoC) aimed at selecting a tool that will be used for the development of a TAS. This TAS will exclusively be used by one team within your organization to implement automated UI-level test scripts for two web apps. The two tools selected for the PoC use JavaScript
/TypeScript to implement the automated test scripts and offer capture and playback capabilities. Three test cases for each of the two web apps were selected to be automated during the PoC. The PoC will compare these two tools in terms of their effectiveness in recognizing and interacting with UI widgets exercised by the test cases, to quickly determine whether test automation is possible and which tool is better. Which of the following TAFs is BEST suited for conducting the PoC?

• A. A layered TAF with more than three layers
• B. A three-layer TAF (test scripts, business logic, core libraries)
• C. A one-layer TAF (test scripts)
• D. A two-layer TAF (test scripts, test libraries)

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of test automation?

• A. The ability to find more defects with the same tests, compared to executing the same test manually
• B. The ability to perform tests which would be difficult or impossible to execute manually
• C. The ability to run more tests in less time and therefore to make it possible to run them more often
• D. The ability to enable a better use of skilled testers by freeing them from repetitive and boring tasks

Automated tests at the UI level for a web app adopt an asynchronous waiting mechanism that allows them to synchronize test steps with the app, so that they are executed correctly and at the right time, only when the app is ready and has processed the previous step: this is done when there are no timeouts or pending asynchronous requests. In this way, the tests automatically synchronize with the app's web pages. The same initialization tasks to set test preconditions are implemented as test steps for all tests. Regarding the pre- processing (Setup) features defined at the test suite level, the TAS provides both a Suite Setup (which runs exactly once when the suite starts) and a Test Setup (which runs at the start of each test case in the suite).
Which of the following recommendations would you provide for improving the TAS (assuming it is possible to perform all of them)?

• A. Adopt a manual synchronization with the app's web pages using dynamic waits via polling instead of the current automatic synchronization
• B. Implement the initialization tasks aimed at setting the preconditions of the tests within the Suite Setup feature at the test suite level
• C. Implement the initialization tasks aimed at setting the preconditions of the tests within the Test Setup feature at the test suite level
• D. Adopt a manual synchronization with the app's web pages using hard-coded waits instead of the current automatic synchronization